Many toddlers behave this way. Please stop thinking of him as mr attitude. By giving him a label you're encouraging the behavior the label describes.
Try some skills that will help to prevent the need to get angry. Try diverting his attention. Instead of continuing to tell him no when he sees something he wants, give him something else to think about. For example, he saw the stickers while looking at his scrap book. Put the book up and play a game. Actually, don't put the stickers in his scrap book, in the first place. Prevention is easier than dealing with it at the time.
When you see him reach for you in anger, step aside. Again prevent him from hurting you. Then take hold of his hands and say something like, "hands are not for hurting," or 'don't hurt Mommy" or anything that is kind but teaching him that what he is doing is inappropriate. Do this before you get angry.
When you get angry with him and put him in his bed in anger you are modeling for him that it's OK to get angry and hurt the person you are angry at. In the case of bottle and bed you are also teaching him that anger, bed, and bottle go together. If you consistently do this he may not want to go to bed and he may decide that eating is a way to soothe his own anger.
Have you tried time outs? You mentioned using time outs only a couple of times. Be consistent with time outs. If you choose time outs as your main way to discipline put him in a time out every time you want to discipline him. Do so calmly as well as consistently. You take action before you get upset.
Do you give him choices? In the case of the stickers you could say, you can play with the stickers only if you do not put them in your mouth. Tell him you'll put the stickers up if he's going to keep putting them in his mouth. Calmly take them out of his mouth and give him the opportunity to continue playing with them.
I do wonder if, at 18 months, keeping stickers out of his mouth his mouth is reasonable. I would expect him to explore stickers by putting them in his mouth. This is an oral age where everything goes in the mouth. If you don't want the stickers in the mouth then you'll need to stay with him so that you can keep them out. I do wonder why you don't want him to put them in his mouth. He's just testing the world of stickers by tasting and feeling their texture.
Take the scrap book away before he reaches the whining stage. If he doesn't accept the first no then change the scene. At 18 months and on into grade school his brain isn't mature enough to stop wanting what is in front of him. You control his environment. When you know something makes him angry, avoid that something.
My favorite parenting books are the Love and Logic series by Foster Cline and . The have one entitled Parenting toddlers with Love and Logic. I also like a book by Adele Faber and Elaine Mazlish entitled How to Talk so Kids Will Listen and Listen So Kids Will Talk. Both books contain many examples of behavior and how to manage them in a manner that shows respect for the child and teaches the child respect for the parent.
As Liz W. said, consistency is necessary for teaching our babies and children how to behave. I'd add a calm and respectful demeanor to that as being of equal importance. We teach our children how to manage their emotions by showing them how to manage them This includes managing our own anger. Intervene in each situation before you get mad.
Your S. sounds normal. He doesn't know how to behave. Parenting is teaching them social skills. At 18 months he's just begun to be a part of the world. He's had no experience in knowing what to do when he doesn't get what he wants. One way to help him is to set up situations so that you can teach him how to get what he wants and how to act when he doesn't. You can help both of you by giving him choices between 2 things that are acceptable to you. That way both of you get what you want.
This will take practice for you too. You're new at parenting. Be kind to yourself and your S. as the two of you learn together.