Hi M.,
I am the mother of an 8 year old boy with "possible borderline ADHD". Until part way through 2nd grade he was having accidents throughout the day and is only now making significant progress to being dry at night.
He initially did "toilet train" somewhere between 2&3. Then completely regressed at about 3 and a half. Many frustrating months/years were spent and several major tests to establish that neurologically he was intact (though he often just did not feel even being wet and had to check with his hands). We also eliminated several other physical, emotional, behavioural issues.
He was eventually diagnosed with an irritable bowel that tended to impaction (even though he pooped normally all the way through it). It was thought the pressure from the bowel was causing the urinary incontinence. Even when treated for that however it only slightly improved issues.
We found the Peds Urology team at Packard Childrens Hospital to be very helpful. He was eventually started on Ditropan for an irritable bladder. It is thought that the bowel problem triggered the bladder problem though no one really knows and they said that they often never find the trigger. Any way within 3 days life was SO different! He has been dry during the day ever since with only a couple of (typical for age) accidents including one when older boys had scared him out of using the bathroom at school.
Prior to that we had tried so many approaches and really wondered what we were doing that was making our child act like this. Intellectually I knew it wasn't us but emotionally still felt responsible.
Although kids can pee inappropriately on purpose as a behavioural response it sounds more like your son has something else going on. So while a matter of fact approach that includes the expectation that he change and clean up for himself immediately is likely appropriate, I would not recommed punishment as it is likely something beyond his control.
I would recommend an evaluation by a pediatric urologist to check if there is something that they can help with. Our medication regime was delayed in part as the liquid version can be somewhat constipating for some kids and they did not want to exacerbate an already existing bowel condition. The tablets are small and once a day as a slow release medication. They have worked great. Our next appointment we should start to discuss transition off the medication.
I hope you find a solution that works for your family. I know this can be incredibly frustrating and can affect the parents self esteem as well as the childs. Hang in there but seek the help you need.
K. H.