D.,
To answer your questions...
1) We expect manners all the time. It's a very tiring effort at times, but we expect a "please" for anything our sons want. No please = no item. With our 4 y/o, if he demands something, we say, "I'm sorry, I can't understand when you talk that way." Very quickly, his tone will change, "Mama, can I have my crayons, please?" We ask for a "thank you" and get it 99.9% of the time from our 4 y/o. Our 21M old is still learning, but if I tell him, "Say THANK YOU, MOM!" in a very excited voice, he will do the same.
2) Our son didn't get a toddler bed until he was 2 1/2. But, he would STILL be in the crib if climbing out was the issue - he never tried to climb out. Our 21M old may be a different story, but he's still in there now. What about a crib tent? If you are going to do the transistion, get ready for a long battle of putting him in bed and when he gets out, putting him back in. We had to do this for 40 minutes straight when our son first transitioned. But, we never gave up and after about a week, he was fine. Take turns with your husband if you must - actually, I think that's better because it shows a united front to your son and he'll learn that house rules are house rules, so to speak.
3) My 21M old is a thrower. He even tries to throw the dining room chairs. I, too, tried ignoring and he just doesn't stop. So, lately, we've been removing him from the area and putting him in his room. We tell him he can come out when he's done. We don't lock him in or punish him, he can come out whenever he wants...when he's done throwing. He's only 21M, but soon, we will be taking ANY toys that are thrown away and the toy will go in time-out. This absolutely worked wonders with our 4 y/o when he would throw a toy. I'm not sure if our 21M can grasp it yet, though. But at 26M, if you've already started "time out" for him, he can understand when the toy goes in time out, too.
Good luck!