J.,
Hi! My son is 4 1/2 and he started potty training at 17 months (all on his own). I think seeing the other slightly older children he was around helped him to want to go on the potty. (I worked at a daycare, and brought him with me to work everyday.) Anyway, by the time he was 2 he was totally trained. However, my son was able to speak enough to let me know that he had to go to the bathroom. And in the beginning when he didn't talk quite as much, he would just go into the bathroom. But he he is hardly talking, I think it might be awfully diffucult for him to communicate his bathroom needs with you at this point, and he may just become frustrated. Remember, all children train at a different rate and time. And as the parent although it can be frustrating we need to do this on their time clock. I have 2 nephews...ages 5 1/2 & 28 months. The one who is 5 1/2 (not yet in school, because he missed the cut off date) is stil sleeping in pull ups and rarely makes it through the night dry. He only started wearing underwear recently. The one who is 28 months, is now starting to express an interest in using the potty. With my son, he went from diapers to underwear. In the beginning (the first month or so after the first time he used the potty) I would ask him every hour if he needed the toilet. If he said no, I would ask him again in a 1/2 hour. If he still said no, I would bring him into the bathroom on that 2 hour mark. 9 times out of 10 he would have to potty. I wasn't very persistent with him in the beginning though, because he was so young, and I never expected to be training a 1 1/2 year old. Once he was using the toilet on a very regular basis, I decided to dedicate one weekend to just stay home and do nothing with him. That weekend I put him in underwear (which we called "big boy pants"). When he had an accident, he knew right away, and got upset by it. It was a new feeling. He had 2 accidents that weekend, and has been in his "big boy pants" ever since. Here are a few tips that may help you and your son. These things were very encouraging to my son. Make a big deal out of every time he goes to the potty (even if nothing comes out)...he needs to get an A for Effort! lol And when he really does go...make a huge deal of it. Some people use a reward system...everytime their child goes on the potty, they would get a reward (whether it be a sticker, temporary tattoo, apple slice, pretzel, whatever,,,,etc.) If you do this though, make sure you only give that reward when he goes to the potty. I let my son pick out some big boy pants at the store. They have all different characters, and he loved doing that. As a matter of fact, he still loves going big boy pants shopping! He would get very excited over them, and could not wait to put them on. And he would then get very upset if he had an accident in them. When it comes time for him to stand up to potty, put a cheerio or a fruit loop in the bottom of the bowl, and let him aim for it. It turns accuracy into a really fun game for him. And he is guaranteed to get it all in the toilet!! Oh, I almost forgot...I purchased a book for my son called "Once upon a potty" (I don't remember the author's name). Anyway, this book has a red cover, and there are 2 different versions of it. One for a boy and one for a girl. My son absolutely loved this book. As a matter of fact, he still has me read it to him all of the time. It got to the point, that when my son was 2 1/2 I used to jokingly tell people he could read! We would take out this book, and he would "read" it page for page (from memory). I would definitely reccomend purchasing this book. Even if it doesn't help, he will probably love it too. Well, I hope this helps.
-D.