Hi C.,
I struggled with this issue a lot myself with my twin boys. I think the biggest determining factor on what your son can eat is the amount of teeth he has. Our boys only had 2 teeth by 12 months, so it was hard to get away from the mushy stuff.
Some things we've been able to get them to enjoy is bread with hummus, butter, or fruit spread. They also enjoyed baked beans quite a bit (warning: messy!), creamed corn, and mashed vegetables other than standard potatoes. We mashed broccoli, sweet potatoes, beans, peas, carrots, etc by microwaving them for an extra minute or two before-hand.
We've done pizza, breadsticks, refried bean tortillas (all chopped up of course). We throw in a jalapeno here or there just for fun :) and to slowly introduce spicy foods because we love spices.
I know it might seem bland or boring for you, but these basic foods on a somewhat regular basis are good for your son. Young kids thrive on routine, and there is actually routines with food that you're showing him.
He can eat just about anything that you eat except nuts until 12 months. Note that adults eat more sugar and salt than young kids need or can handle, so you may need to adjust your food for that reason.
It wasn't until our boys reached 20 months old that we were able to really diversify. If your son has quite a few teeth, then mix it up however you want. If not, then take whatever you want to eat, decrease the salt and/or sugar content, and mash it good. You'd be surprised at what you can come up with!
Good luck!