D.W.
It never has to come down to making a baby cry it out! Bedtime should be a positive, comforting experience. And leaving a baby to cry it out to sleep does absolutely nothing to teach baby to sleep. Nothing.
Dr. Sears Baby Sleep Book, The Baby Whisperer and The No-Cry Sleep solution all have very valuable information on infant sleep, how to teach an infant to sleep (yes, they have to be taught to sleep).
I'm sorry but it can not be said that a breastfed baby should never be nursed in the night again! A breastfed baby should be fed on demand for the first year of life. And you little guy has been going thru a lot! The first year of life is incredibly taxing for these little guys and nursing is a source of nourishment during growth spurts that we can't see and they can't tell us are going on, a source of comfort during the sickness and rough spots and comfort during great physical changes that they don't yet understand. If he is that adamant about needing to nurse then that's what he needs right now. When I was teaching both of my exclusively breastfed babies to sleep I knew when they needed to nurse and when they didn't at night. You just know.
My oldest slept thru night (10-13 hours) from 7 months old, rarely woke to nurse unless he was sick but my daughter was never the sleeper that my son was. She is 28 months and still isn't the sleeper that he is. All children are different and we have to respond to their different needs. My daughter still woke to nurse some nights until I weaned her at 20 months. And that was ok. It was what she needed. Note, not what she *wanted* but what she needed as a breastfed baby.
***Riley J! Love it! It always amazes me too that we are supposed to dictate to an infant when they are hungry and blatantly ignore the cues and signals they are giving us just because the sun has gone down.