As you observed, you have an adult sense of proper scheduling and an adult ability to follow through. The "self-control" portions of your 5yo's brain have a long way to go before he will be able to consistently choose the "right" thing. He will be well into adulthood himself by then.
Until then, it really is up to you to "help" him make the right choices most of the time. Heck, I will even stay up too late if it means I get to watch two more episodes of The Office. Or I will eat a cookie I know I shouldn't (I'm diabetic). And I'm an adult who has been working hard to make more and more positive choices over my 63 years.
My mother had the sorts of opinions you have about what you think your son's good judgement should be, and she had a very strong, punitive streak when my three sisters and I fell short. As a result, we got spankings, suspended privileges, and extra chores daily, because we simply weren't the tiny adults she expected.
All of us turned out to be extremely dysfunctional. All of us expected never to try to raise kids of our own, though 2 of us eventually have. The other 2 are confused, lonely, despairing people who have tried all sorts of drugs and cults to deal with their inner pain, who have horrible love/hate relationships with our mom, and who have absolutely terrible assessments of themselves as human beings. The 2 of us who have more or less "recovered" from our upbringings have done so through expensive therapy and counseling. And even as a 'senior,' I'm often surprised to realize how far I have to go.
We are not unique. I've met a number of similar families over the years with almost identical problems, because their punishment-minded parents had unrealistic expectations. In fact, my best girlfriend of many, many years was raising a child with this approach. She couldn't hear my concerns, and kept arguing with me, "Well, I HAVE to teach her right from wrong. It's my JOB!" Her daughter, now 40+, feels deeply obligated to her mom, but dislikes her intensely. She's also a confused, self-hating and unhappy woman, unable to find a satisfying relationship because all the men she has dated treat her like her mom treated her.
I know I'm coming on awfully heavy. And I could be wrong about your overall stance on parenting. But there are so many little tip-offs in your request that sound exactly like the things my mother used to say. Perhaps you were raised that way yourself, and that's what comes out automatically.
But here's what I've learned from a lifetime of healing, and watching, and studying results. It is possible to raise happy, responsible, polite, self-reliant kids with very little-to-no punishment, in the traditional sense. Natural consequences, yes, Spankings, time-outs, deprivations, no. I raised my most wonderful daughter that way. She is raising her amazing son that way. And in my religious community, I've watched two whole generations of kids who were largely raised without punishment. Just consequences and reason. They're terrific kids who grow into emotionally healthy adults.
I've been using one of the best parenting books ever in my interactions with my smart, verbal, 5yo grandson. I'm impressed, again and again, with the peaceful ways it teaches us to draw the child into the business of defining problems and finding workable, often unique and creative, solutions. And a child who is allowed to find his own solutions will be pretty darn dedicated to making sure they work.
This wonderful book is How to Talk So Kids Will Listen, and Listen So Kids Will Talk, by Faber and Mazlish. It is easy to read, easy to understand, and easy to start implementing the techniques one chapter at a time. I've recommended this book to several young parents who later told me they couldn't imagine how they ever got along without it.
Wishing your family the best of everything.
ADDED: This is a most eye-opening and clarifying article on lying as part of a child's behavior: nymag.com/news/features/43893/index1.html