When my daughter was about 6 months old we went through the same thing. I wanted to make her schedule more predictable for ALL OF US. I read the sleeping habits portion of Baby 411 for some advice on how to set up routines as well as how to get her to fall asleep on her own. The struggles of getting the routine in place are well worth it. She took about 3-4 days to get into the routine and ever since then she is on the same routine, with the exception that she gave up her morning nap.
Wake at 6:30 am. Breakfast, then active play.
9:00 nap time (about an hour and a half) - establish a specific routine for nap time that you do EVERY time and baby will start to realize it is nap time when the routine starts. We play music, read a book, and cuddle a bit. Put baby in his crib while he is still awake. I made sure my daughter was very drowsy when I first started this, then gradually put her in when she was more awake.
lunch at 12:00
Nap at 12:30. When she was little and still took a morning nap she slept another hour and a half, but now she sleeps at least 3 hours every day.
3:30 wake/active play
5:30 dinner
8:00 bedtime (same routine as nap but before music, bath and brushing of teeth)
After establishing this routine she can fall back to sleep on her own and I haven't needed a nighttime feeding or "Momma time" since then. With exception of illnesses.
Just stick with it. It is hard at first to see such a little one cry, but it will be worth your sanity later. I have soooo much time to my self during the day and time with my husband in the evening. A balanced schedule is good for the whole family!