okay un...finding info on this for you was not as simple as I expected it to be... however, the following is copied from a website for surgeons in New Jersey...
Strabismus
What Is Strabismus?
Strabismus is the medical term for misaligned eyes. The eyes may become misaligned horizontally or vertically for a variety of different reasons. When the eyes are turned inward the condition is referred to as “Esotropia.” When the eyes turn outward it is called “Exotropia.” One eye may appear to be turned in or out most of the time, or the deviating eye may alternate. In most cases of strabismus the eyes and the eye muscles are perfectly healthy.
The true cause of this family of disorders is not fully understood, but it appears to be neurologic in origin, representing an imbalance in the brain circuits that control eye movements and alignment. It often appears that one eye is predominantly involved or to blame in these conditions, but it’s important to understand that the disorder actually involves both eyes. Eye movements are very highly coordinated by the brain, with each eye very closely linked to the movements of the other. It’s like a very sophisticated ballet. If anything should go wrong with one eye, the opposite eye is automatically affected and involved. The majority of strabismus occurs during childhood, but it may happen to adults, too. The causes, however, are very different in these two groups of patients. The condition is most often congenital or of unknown origin in otherwise healthy children. Diabetes, thyroid disease, head trauma, strokes and tumors are a few of the more common causes of adult-onset strabismus.
For more information on strabismus or to arrange an appointment with one of the top child eye surgeons in the northern New Jersey area, contact our laser eye surgery and vision correction center.
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Early Detection is Key
Strabismus is serious because it may lead to loss of vision in one eye and also prevents the development of normal binocular vision. Poor vision in one eye may develop because the brain may start to ignore the image from the misaligned eye (amblyopia). In order for the eyes to work together and see in three dimensions (depth perception) they must be aligned on the same visual target. The brain then combines these two pictures into one three-dimensional image that gives us depth perception.
When the eyes are misaligned the brain is presented with two very different pictures that it cannot combine into one image. The brain responds by ignoring one of the images to avoid visual confusion. The child then loses depth perception and may also lose vision in the “ignored” eye. If a child reaches the age of 7 or 8 with eyes that are not aligned, he or she may never develop normal depth perception. If strabismus occurs in an adult patient it often causes disabling double-vision. It is also clear that the abnormal appearance of misaligned eyes can have a significant social impact on a patient’s life. Self-esteem as well as work and personal relationships can be adversely affected by this condition.
A child’s visual system is actively developing up to about the age of 7 or 8. Vision or depth perception that has been lost due to strabismus can be regained if appropriate treatment is received before this window of time closes. Treatment to restore normal alignment can generally regain some, if not all, depth perception if it is performed before that critical age has passed. In general, the earlier the alignment is restored the better the visual outcome.
Because early detection directly affects the success of the strabismus treatment, you must seek qualified medical care for your child upon the first signs of a visual disorder. It is important you receive care from one of the experienced child eye surgeons in your area. New Jersey ophthalmologist Dr. Bianchi is a specialized pediatric ophthalmologist experienced in the diagnosis and treatment of strabismus. He will perform a thorough eye examination on your child in order to detect the presence of any disorder and recommend an appropriate course of treatment.
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Treatment of Strabismus
The treatment offered depends on the kind of strabismus a child has. Some forms of strabismus respond to eyeglasses alone and others require surgery. Some require both. Occasionally, even bifocal glasses are necessary. Often patching will be necessary to treat amblyopia that is commonly associated with strabismus.
Prisms ground into eyeglasses may be able to correct small misalignments in adults, but surgery is required for moderate to large deviations. Many doctors have told their adult strabismus patients for years, incorrectly, that surgery won’t help them or would only be “cosmetic.” In fact, surgery on adults has real medical benefits: eliminating double vision, improving depth perception and enlarging the field of vision.
Many patients report improved self-esteem, communication skills, job opportunities, reading and driving with successful treatment. If you believe your child suffers from one of these disorders, contact Dr. Bianchi in Westwood, New Jersey at our modern laser eye surgery and vision correction center, serving the Pascack Valley area for over 25 years.
The website I got the above infor from is:
http://www.westwoodeye.com/html/pediatric.html
There is also a book about how, why and when on the actual surgery... I highly suggest you buy it or borrow it and read it before you make your final decision. It may give you a lot moe insight on the necessity of the surgery...
here is the link to the book:
http://www.oup.com/us/catalog/general/subject/Medicine/Op...=
I am so sorry this has caused you so much worry over your son. Sometimes doctors give out way more information than is necessary making things sound far worse than they are. All in the name of Full Discloser...
I hope this information on your son's condition is helpful in some way and can allow you to breath a little easier...
Good Luck!!! ;-)