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What is enuresis?
Enuresis is the medical term for bedwetting during sleep. Bedwetting is fairly common among children. It is often just a stage in their development. Bedwetting is more common among boys than girls.
Symptoms of enuresis
Enuresis is when an older child (age 7 or older) wets the bed at night while sleeping. This could happen a few times a week or every night. Many kids who wet the bed are very deep sleepers. For most, urinating while sleeping is the only symptom.
What causes enuresis?
Bedwetting is not a mental or behavior problem. It doesn’t happen because the child is too lazy to get out of bed to go to the bathroom. A number of things can cause bedwetting. Some of the more common causes include:
Genetic factors (it tends to run in families).
Difficulties waking up from sleep.
Stress.
Slower than normal development of the central nervous system. This reduces the child’s ability to stop the bladder from emptying at night.
Hormonal factors. Not enough antidiuretic hormone is produced. This is the hormone that slows urine production at night.
Urinary tract infections.
Abnormalities in the urethral valves in boys or in the ureter in girls or boys.
Abnormalities in the spinal cord.
A small bladder.
When do most children achieve bladder control?
Children achieve bladder control at different ages. If a child is younger than 5 years of age, treatment for bedwetting is not necessary. Many children don’t stay dry at night regularly before age 7. Bedwetting up to that time is not unusual, even though it may be frustrating to parents. Call your family doctor if:
Your child is 7 or older and wets the bed 2 to 3 times a week.
Your child is 5 or older and experiences daytime and nighttime wetting.
How is enuresis diagnosed?
Most children who wet the bed are healthy. Your doctor can help you determine whether your child’s bedwetting is caused by a medical problem. First, your doctor will ask questions about your child’s daytime and nighttime bathroom habits. He or she will do a physical exam and probably a urine test to check for infection or diabetes.
Your doctor may also ask about how things are going at home and at school for your child. You may be worried about your child’s bedwetting. But studies have shown that children who wet the bed are not more emotionally upset than other children. Your doctor might also ask about your family life, because treatment may depend on changes at home.
In many cases, doctors can’t find the cause of bedwetting.
Can enuresis be prevented or avoided?
Enuresis cannot be prevented or avoided. It tends to run in families. It is not something the child can control, so they can’t avoid it.