Hmmm...where is your husband in all of this? Does he work for the same company? Are you planning to go back to work there when you are able? What you should do depends on your overall plan. If you may not go back to work there due to your injuries, I would probably move out of that little nightmare community. Being on "paid leave" for that long is bound to breed resentment from your bosses even if it's not your fault. It sounds like your bosses and others (probably mostly the other workers-the bosses probably made a wise crack or two about paid leave, and then the other workers ran with it) have been REALLY slandering you and making up exaggerated stories to downplay your injury and make you some martyr character (which is why I think the advice below to talk to a lawyer may be worth considering). The close knit living quarters in the community make it worse because you guys are all breathing down each other's necks at home, school and work. And these do not sound like good people.
If you ARE planning to stay and go back to work there, you'll have to take the high road, continue being nice, and get back to work as soon as possible the best you can. Sooner or later someone will hear that you had lots of surgeries, not just one, and the truth will take over the negative legend that has been built up. It really stinks how "jealousy" (people who are mad they have to work) erases reality and compassion. I'm really sorry you are going through this.
I might talk to a lawyer about your total situation, not so much with the goal of suing, but just to be more equipped to have your next talk with your boss in regards to "It seems many of my coworkers and people in the community feel my injuries have been falsely inflated. It is even causing my kids to be shunned. I'm not sure how this could have happened without inappropriate discussion of my medical records. I don't at all feel you would breech my privacy by spreading rumors about my health, but someone has been spreading the word I am faking my injuries in order to rip off the company. Do you feel I can return to this work place one day with a good name (insert time frame if you have one), or is it impossible and I need to move on? I'd like to find a way we can amicably resolve this so that my family does not continue to get harassed." Knowing your rights before that talk would help. If you have some advice on how to approach the topic it will help. After all, your bosses know the accident was real, they know you didn't hire someone to hit you with a car, and they know how many surgeries you had, so if they have been spreading falsehoods, or allowing them to blow up in gossip circles, they may need a wake up call to stop perpetuating/allowing that. It would be just as easy for them to say, "You know, about her, actually, she did get hurt pretty bad, we shouldn't talk that way" or something to cover their asses legally.
And if kids are harassing your kids, I would confront that like any other mom! Don't assume it's because of you (even if it is) just confront the moms sweetly and say your 4 year old was told that little Joey, Jack and Jake hate him. You just want to know if your son has done anything, or if boys are just being boys, etc. Don't include yourself in the equation. It may start a dialogue in which they get to see you on real terms rather than just ignoring you from a distance. If three kids shut out my 4 year old son (I have one too) and the behavior continued (I'd make sure it was serious and not fleeting) and my son was sad, I'd be on those moms like white on rice all "nice and ready to work it out" but not backing down one inch.
This is a very tough situation, I'm very sorry. These people are misinformed worker-bee nosy-nellie jealous jerks.