You arent required to go out and buy a new matress the manufactures are required to meet flammability standards. This is a layer of stuff that they put around the top and sodes of the matress. You can hold a torch on it and it wont ignite. It takes a certain amount of time, but the mentality is you'll have time yo get out before your matress ignites. The flash point on a normal matress is quick, Ig a candle fell on a matress without the fire blocker it will be completley engulfed in about 15 seconds. ( I watched a training video serta did when I worked in furniture) So if you are a smoker I would definitly recommend upgrading. The only flaw I found is they don't layer the underside of the foundation so if a fire started under the bed you could have a problem with the foundation (hopfully the smoke doesnt kill you first)Serta already uses this in all their products for the last year and most brands you can spend about 300 extra for the model with fire blocker. Next year everyone will be in complience, and you will see an increase in the price because fire blocker is not a cheap material!! Hope that makes sense. I am not sure what some of the posts are about dipping the matress in stuff. Serta brought out the fiber maybe it is dipped in something but the mattress is not. Also to the post that said not to worry unless you smoke or have candles, there are other fire dangers as a lamp next to the bed falling over light bulbs cause a lot of matress and sofa fires from cats who knock them over when they are on. Also electrical fires happen quite often so as someone else said watch the outlets around your bed. I put plug covers in mine just in case. If you would have watched this video you would see the value in it completly. Say your child is playing with matches or a lighter on their bed the bedding may catch fire but the matress is not going to burst and ignite with the fireblocker. I am trying to remember the time it took for them holding a torch on the matress to get anything. They mostly got burn marks. But this was just a private test video that our reps did. They burned 2 other brands and theirs with the fire blocker. I have not checked on the health hazards of the chemicals. That is something I will look into and study some more, but as for the rest of it, it is a good thing.