Hi, C.!
I’m thinking you probably already know this, but just in case, one of a baby’s best tools for discovering and experiencing the world is through his mouth.
I think prevention is the key, here. You really mustn’t stop him from doing this; just be sure that the things he discovers are okay to put in his mouth. Keep the other stuff you don’t want him to explore out of his sight, not just out of his reach. The best way to do this is to get down to his eye level and view his world from his perspective.
And, try to make sure you’re not just removing undesirable, dangerous things, but you’re replacing these things with interesting stuff he might want to explore that’s safe for him. Try to find real things in the real world with interesting textures and colors that you don’t mind being destroyed. And, let him destroy them in his process of discovery!
For example, consider leaving out a set of old, unnecessary, well-cleaned keys for him to find randomly rather than those brightly colored plastic baby keys. An old wallet with lots of pockets might be an interesting find for him, too! Just be sure you’re with him as he’s exploring and be prepared to distract him with something else even more interesting should that object turn out to be not so safe.
It might be helpful to think of him as a scientist performing a dissection! ;-)
I hope that’s helpful!
~Marji