Hi A.---You want to focus on high fiber foods: fresh fruits, vegetables, whole grains, legumes, nuts and seeds. Minimize animal protein, using it more like a condiment or flavoring. Dr. Neal Barnard, www.pcrm.org, wrote a book about how he reversed type 2 diabetes with a low-fat vegan diet. I suggest you explore his website. He has a great booklet you can download called the vegetarian starter kit.
I wouldn't necessarily advocate becoming a vegetarain or a vegan. I would, however, strongly suggest eating more vegetarian meals. For type 2 diabetics, their insulin regulating system has been overwhelmed so that it has trouble moving sugar from the bloodstream into the cells. That's why high fiber foods are so important. They slow the rate at which sugars enter the bloodstream. High fiber foods are low glycemic foods.
But you don't want to eliminate carbs altogether. Simple carbs are the enemy. Think processed foods. Complex carbs, even fruits, are necessary for the body. Our brains function solely on carbs/sugars to function. Dr. Barnard's research did not restrict carbs. He did restrict fat. He found that fat makes the cellular 'lock' sticky, making it difficult for the insulin to allow sugars into the cell.
So, my recommendation is to cook alot of vegetarian type meals, with high fiber foods. Go to www.vegetariantimes.com or even www.eatingwell.com for lots of GREAT vegetarian recipes. These taste so great, you really don't even mind not having animal protein.
I'll be you weren't really looking for a lecture about type 2 diabetes, sorry about that. But I find that for me, understanding a little bit about how it works, helps me to take the necessary steps to avoid or correct a situation.
Let me know if you have any other questions. I am taking a series of wellness classes, taught by a Naturopath who has her PhD in nutrition. I have a wealth of information that I can share, for both you and your mother. PS. If you, or she, would like to know why diet sodas are bad for a diabetic, or anyone for that matter, let me know. It has to do with satiety, and diet foods tend to make people eat more, which would be horrible for a type 2 diabetic, who typically needs to lose weight to reverse the disease. Drink more water. It helps to carry nutrients to the cells and remove toxins from the body.
Good luck, and have fun with the websites. In health, D.