E.R.
I had trouble breastfeeding and was given a handout by the lactation consultant targeted at moms who can’t nurse at all and who must use a pump from the moment the baby is born. The key points: 1) pump for two minutes after the last drop of milk or for 20-30 minutes, whichever comes first. 2) focus on the number of pumpings more than on the time between pumpings. Aim for 8-12 pumpings a day, even if some of those are just an hour apart. The consultant also recommended that I buy larger flanges, which I did, creating a double benefit: I get more milk, and, by switching between the standard and larger sizes, I don’t have to wash pump parts as often. Rather than the mother's milk tea, I’ve been using mother’s milk supplements in capsule form.