If he's drooling, feverish, runny nose, runny diaper, chewing on fingers, It might be teeth. But if not it sounds like he has formed a pattern that is wearing you out.
I would let him cry it out because he is crying because he knows you will come in there. You said you tried, but he gets more upset. That is fine, he will be ok and eventually go to sleep. It might take a few nerve racking nights, but will pay of BIG TIME and get him out of that pattern and get you some sleep. Don't go in there or it blows the whole deal. I have done this twice and my friends were HUGELY grateful when the stuck it out and both baby and parents were sleeping and happy again. Crying and throwing fits DOES NOT HUTRT THEM. My son has a heart defect and I let him cry it out and it worked out great!
If you can't do it I would take the bink away so that you don't have to keep giving it to him. This too will take a few nerve racking nights, but he will get used to not having it. If you cut the end off that seems to work well.
Good Luck