My son had allergy testing at 20 m, due to a severe reaction to peanuts.
My understanding is that blood tests are not terribly accurate, and that the 2 that are used and most commonly accepted as accurate are the scratch tests and the skin injections.
My son had both the "scratch" tests and the injections done. For the scratch tests, they pre-load sets of 8 and press it into his back, causing little pricks into the skin. The nurse did 4 or 5 sets (as many as would fit on his little back), one right after the other (yes, he cried, but it was over fast). They marked certain ones on his back by circling the pricks with a marker. We waited 20 minutes to see if a reaction developed and then the allergist (dr) came in to "read" the results from his back. We put cortisone ointment on the 2 really bad ones because they were itchy.
They also did 3 "under the skin" tests, which are actually more accurate. These were for ones that they wanted a more accurate reading on. They did 3 little shots, quickly, one right after the other. (It was over in a matter of seconds.) Then we waited another 20 minutes to have those read.
It wasn't fun, but it was over quickly. In some ways I think it was easier, because my LO didn't really know what was going on, so he didn't know to anticipate the 2nd set of pricks (for the under the skin shots).
They tested him for lots of tree nuts, and peanuts, and some other environmental stuff. We have dogs and did have a cat (who was gone before my son was born) so they tested him for some animal allergies as well.
They also made us watch the EpiPen video (this may have been because they were testing him for peanuts and wanted us to be able to use the pen, which we have, in case he started reacting very badly to the testing).
If you haven't gotten the EpiPen yet, get the 2 pack--it's cheaper and a very good idea to have one at home and one at daycare, for example. Our doc prescribed the EpiPen Jr (for kids). There is also a generic that just came out, too, that is an option.
We go for follow-up with the allergist, with possibly more testing, 6 months after the original appt.